---
title: "Headache in the Back of the Head: Causes and When to Worry"
description: "A headache in the back of the head is often a tension headache. See other causes, from neck problems to occipital neuralgia, what helps and when to get help."
canonical_url: "https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head"
md_url: "https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head.md"
last_updated: "2026-11-09"
language: en
---

# Headache in the Back of the Head: Causes and When to Worry

Pain at the back of the head has several common causes. Here is what each one feels like, what helps and which signs need urgent care.

![](https://junocompanion.com/_vercel/image?q=75&url=%2Fwebsite-assets%2Fmarshall-gould-headshot-v1.jpg&w=480)

Published by [Marshall Gould](https://junocompanion.com/authors/marshall-gould)

Published 9 November 2026Updated 9 November 202611 min read

![A woman with long brown hair and a pink sports top holds the back of her neck with her head tilted down, outdoors.](https://junocompanion.com/_vercel/image?q=75&url=%2Fwebsite-assets%2Fjuno-blog-headache-back-of-head.webp&w=2048)

## Quick answer

A headache in the back of the head is often a tension headache, which is not dangerous. Neck problems, occipital neuralgia, migraine and low spinal fluid pressure can also cause it. Call 911, 999 or your local emergency number for a sudden, extremely painful headache, or one with a high fever, a stiff neck, weakness, confusion or vision loss.

-   [Free printable checklist: what to note about your headachesNo sign-up](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#back-of-head-headache-checklist)

## Key takeaways

-   Tension headaches are the most common type. They cause pressure or tightness on both sides of the head that can spread to the neck
-   Short, sharp, shooting pain in the back of the scalp can be occipital neuralgia. One-sided pain that gets worse when you move your neck can come from the neck itself
-   A headache that gets worse when you sit or stand and better when you lie down can mean low spinal fluid pressure. Spinal fluid leaks have been linked with connective tissue disorders such as Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
-   Taking simple painkillers on 15 or more days a month, or triptans or combination painkillers on 10 or more, can cause more headaches
-   Call 911, 999 or your local emergency number for a sudden, extremely painful headache, or one with a high fever, a stiff neck, weakness, confusion or vision loss

## What causes a headache in the back of the head?

Most headaches go away on their own and are not a sign of something serious. [\[1\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-1) Tension headaches are the most common type. [\[3\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-3) Where the pain sits is only one clue. What comes with it, and what sets it off, tells you more.

| Cause | What it often feels like | Other clues |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Tension headache | Pressure or tightness on both sides, like a band around the head. It can spread to the neck [\[2\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-2) [\[3\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-3) | You can usually carry on with your day. Stress, poor sleep and posture can set it off [\[2\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-2) [\[3\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-3) |
| Neck problem (cervicogenic headache) | Pain on one side that starts in the neck or back of the head and can spread to the front or behind the eye [\[7\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-7) | Worse when you move your neck or press on it. Your neck may not turn as far as usual [\[7\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-7) |
| Occipital neuralgia | Short attacks of sharp, shooting or stabbing pain in the back of the scalp [\[6\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-6) | Turning your head or pressing the spot can set it off. Your scalp may hurt to touch [\[5\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-5) [\[6\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-6) |
| Migraine | Often throbbing. Pain at the back of the head and neck is common [\[5\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-5) | Nausea or sensitivity to light points toward migraine [\[5\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-5) |
| Exercise or sex headache | Pain that builds, or hits hard, during strenuous exercise or sex [\[11\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-11) [\[12\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-12) | The first one always needs checking straight away [\[11\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-11) [\[12\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-12) |
| Low spinal fluid pressure | Worse soon after you sit or stand up, and better when you lie down [\[26\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-26) | Neck pain, ringing in the ears, muffled hearing or nausea may come with it [\[26\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-26) |
| Very high blood pressure | Often on both sides and throbbing [\[18\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-18) | Usually only when the top number reaches 180 or the bottom number reaches 120 [\[18\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-18) |
| Chiari malformation | Pain at the back of the head [\[20\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-20) | Brought on by coughing, sneezing, straining or bending over [\[20\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-20) |

Our guide to the [types of headaches](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/types-of-headaches) compares tension, migraine, cluster and other headaches wherever you feel them.

## What does a tension headache in the back of the head feel like?

A tension headache causes pain on both sides of the head, face or neck. It can feel like something is pressing on your head or tightening around it, and the area may be tender to touch. [\[2\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-2) You can usually carry on with daily activities. [\[2\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-2) It lasts from 30 minutes to several days. [\[2\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-2) [\[3\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-3)

Common triggers are stress, sleep problems and caffeine. [\[2\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-2) Postures that strain the head or neck, such as reading, working on a computer or looking at a phone, can also set one off. [\[3\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-3)

These can help: [\[2\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-2)

-   Painkillers such as paracetamol (acetaminophen), aspirin or ibuprofen. Children under 16 should not take aspirin
-   Relaxing activities such as exercise, yoga and massage
-   Changing your sleep habits, if poor sleep may be a cause
-   A low, firm pillow and heat or cold packs, if your neck hurts too
-   Cutting down on tea, coffee, cola and other drinks with caffeine

US aspirin labels also say children and teenagers who have or are getting over chickenpox or flu-like symptoms should not take it. [\[31\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-31)

If you are pregnant, paracetamol is usually the first choice, and ibuprofen is not recommended. [\[2\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-2) The FDA advises avoiding NSAIDs such as ibuprofen, aspirin and naproxen from about 20 weeks of pregnancy unless a health care professional says you need one. This does not apply to low-dose aspirin that a doctor has prescribed for certain pregnancy conditions. [\[24\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-24)

See a GP or primary care doctor if you get headaches several times a week, they are severe, or painkillers and relaxing do not help. [\[2\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-2)

## Can a neck problem cause a headache in the back of the head?

Yes. Doctors call this a cervicogenic headache. The problem is in the bones, discs, joints or soft tissue of the neck, and you feel the pain in your head. [\[7\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-7) [\[8\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-8)

The pain is often on one side only. It can spread from the neck or back of the head to the front of the head or behind the eye. Moving your neck, or pressing on certain spots, can make it worse, and your neck may not turn as far as usual. [\[7\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-7)

It is rare. In a 2025 review, about 3 in 100 adults seen at specialist clinics for headache had it, and the authors say good data are scarce. [\[9\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-9) Neck pain on its own does not mean a headache comes from the neck. Migraine and tension headaches often come with neck pain too. [\[7\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-7)

A doctor needs to find a cause in the neck. A scan alone cannot prove it, because neck changes on scans are common in people without headaches. [\[8\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-8) A numbing injection (nerve block) that stops the pain can help confirm it. [\[7\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-7) Physical therapy and regular exercise often give the best results. [\[7\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-7)

If your headache started after a fall, accident or whiplash in the last 3 months, go to A&E or the ER. [\[1\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-1)

## Can posture or looking at screens cause it?

Yes. Bad posture is a common cause of headaches and of neck pain. [\[1\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-1) [\[10\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-10) Holding your head forward to read, work at a computer or look at your phone can strain the neck and set off a tension headache. [\[3\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-3)

These can help: [\[10\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-10)

-   Do not keep your neck in the same position for a long time, for example at a desk
-   Sit upright. Roll your shoulders back gently and bring your neck back
-   Sleep on a firm mattress, with your head at the same height as the rest of your body
-   Try neck flexibility exercises, and use heat or cold packs

Try not to strain your eyes by looking at a screen for a long time. [\[1\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-1) See a GP or primary care doctor if neck pain does not go away after a few weeks, painkillers have not worked, or you have pins and needles or a cold arm. [\[10\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-10) In many parts of the UK you can refer yourself to NHS physiotherapy. [\[10\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-10) Our [chronic pain tracker](https://junocompanion.com/chronic-illness-support/chronic-pain) page shows how to log neck pain and headaches together.

## What is occipital neuralgia?

Occipital neuralgia is pain from the occipital nerves, which supply the back of the scalp. [\[6\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-6) It causes short attacks of sharp, shooting or stabbing pain. Each attack lasts from a few seconds to a few minutes. [\[6\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-6) It can be on one or both sides. Brushing your hair or touching your scalp may hurt, and the spot over the nerve is often tender. [\[6\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-6) Turning your head or pressing the area can set it off. [\[5\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-5) The pain can sometimes reach the forehead or the area around the eye. [\[6\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-6)

It is rare. [\[3\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-3) It often overlaps with migraine, and many people find out they have it while being checked for migraine. [\[5\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-5) If the pain comes without nausea or sensitivity to light, it may be occipital neuralgia rather than migraine. [\[5\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-5)

Regular exercise, stretching and yoga can help, and you can start them before you see a doctor. [\[5\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-5) If they do not help, a doctor may offer a nerve block or other injections. Some people need a daily medicine to prevent attacks. [\[5\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-5) A nerve block that eases the pain for a while also helps confirm the diagnosis. [\[6\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-6)

See a GP or primary care doctor if you get attacks like this regularly. [\[1\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-1)

## Can a migraine cause pain in the back of the head?

Yes. Pain at the back of the head and neck pain are both common migraine symptoms. [\[5\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-5) Throbbing pain, feeling sick and finding light or noise painful can be signs of migraine. [\[2\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-2) Our guide to [migraine symptoms](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/migraine-symptoms) explains the four phases of an attack.

Migraine and neck pain can be hard to separate. Treating the migraine sometimes eases the neck pain too. [\[5\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-5) See a GP or primary care doctor if you have these signs, as they can point to migraine rather than a tension headache. [\[2\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-2)

## Why does the back of my head hurt after exercise or sex?

Some people get a headache only during or after hard exercise. It lasts less than 48 hours. [\[11\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-11) Others get one during sex. It may start as a dull ache that builds with excitement, or hit suddenly and hard at orgasm. [\[12\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-12) In about 8 in 10 people with sex headaches, the pain is all over the head or at the back. [\[12\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-12)

These headaches are often harmless, but the first one always needs checking. Bleeding around the brain, a tear in a neck artery or narrowing of blood vessels in the brain can cause the same pattern, and doctors need to rule these out. [\[11\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-11) [\[12\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-12)

If the headache came on suddenly and is extremely painful, call 911, 999 or your local emergency number. [\[1\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-1) Otherwise, ask for an urgent appointment the same day, or call NHS 111 in the UK. [\[1\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-1)

## Why does my headache get better when I lie down?

A headache that gets worse soon after you sit up or stand, and eases when you lie flat, can be a sign of low pressure in the fluid around the brain and spine. [\[26\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-26) This is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). When it leaks from the spine with no clear cause, doctors call it spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH). [\[13\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-13) [\[14\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-14)

UK specialists describe the typical pattern like this: [\[14\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-14)

-   Little or no headache when you wake up, or after lying flat for a long time
-   The headache starts within 2 hours of being upright
-   It gets much better within 2 hours of lying flat again

Neck pain or stiffness, ringing in the ears, muffled hearing, sensitivity to light and nausea are common with it. [\[26\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-26) In studies that recorded where it hurt, about 28% of people felt it at the back of the head. Others felt it all over or at the front. [\[15\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-15) The upright pattern can fade over time, so note how it was at the start. [\[13\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-13)

SIH is uncommon, with about 3.7 new cases per 100,000 people a year, and it is often diagnosed late. [\[14\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-14) The usual first treatment is an epidural blood patch, where some of your own blood is injected into your back to seal the leak. [\[14\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-14) It often works, though some people need more than one. [\[13\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-13)

This matters if you have [Ehlers-Danlos syndrome](https://junocompanion.com/chronic-illness-support/ehlers-danlos-syndrome) or joint hypermobility. Spinal CSF leaks have been linked with inherited connective tissue disorders. [\[13\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-13) In one small study, 7 of 18 people with a leak had signs of a connective tissue disorder, including 2 with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. [\[16\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-16) A larger study found joint hypermobility was no more common in people with SIH than in people without it. [\[17\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-17) So the evidence is mixed. UK guidelines tell doctors to ask about connective tissue and hypermobility disorders. [\[14\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-14)

[POTS](https://junocompanion.com/chronic-illness-support/pots) can also cause headaches when you are upright. Doctors tell the two apart with a detailed history and standing tests. [\[14\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-14) Our free [at-home standing test](https://junocompanion.com/trackers/poor-mans-tilt-table-test) records your heart rate for your doctor.

A headache that changes with posture is one doctors are told to look into. [\[23\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-23) Book an appointment with a GP or primary care doctor and say that lying down helps. Tell them if it started with a sudden, severe headache, since SIH can begin that way. [\[14\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-14)

## Can high blood pressure cause a headache in the back of the head?

Not usually. High blood pressure does not usually cause any symptoms, and many people have it without knowing. [\[19\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-19) Mild or moderate high blood pressure does not appear to cause headaches. [\[18\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-18)

Headache from blood pressure usually happens when it rises sharply: the top number to 180 or higher, or the bottom number to 120 or higher. This headache is often on both sides and throbbing, and it eases once blood pressure comes down. [\[18\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-18)

Get help from NHS 111 or a doctor if you often have headaches or blurred vision. [\[19\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-19) If a home reading reaches either of those numbers and you have a headache, get medical advice straight away. [\[18\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-18) Call 911 or 999 if you also have chest pain, shortness of breath, weakness, numbness, confusion, trouble speaking or sudden changes in your vision. [\[1\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-1) [\[19\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-19)

## When would a doctor check for a Chiari malformation?

A Chiari malformation is when the lowest part of the back of the brain pushes down into the spinal canal. [\[20\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-20) Many people with it have no symptoms and only find out from an MRI scan done for another reason. [\[20\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-20)

When it does cause headaches, they are usually at the back of the head. They are brought on or made worse by coughing, sneezing, straining or bending over. [\[20\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-20) The pain is often short, lasting under 5 minutes. [\[21\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-21) Neck pain, dizziness, balance problems and numbness or tingling in the arms or legs can come with it. [\[20\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-20)

A headache set off by coughing, sneezing or bending down needs an urgent appointment the same day, or a call to NHS 111. [\[1\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-1) Doctors are advised to consider tests for this kind of headache. [\[23\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-23) Low or high fluid pressure around the brain can look like Chiari on a scan, so doctors check for those too. [\[21\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-21)

## How often can you take painkillers for headaches?

Taking painkillers for headaches too often can cause more headaches. This is called medication overuse headache, or rebound headache. [\[2\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-2) [\[22\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-22) Doctors look for it when your headaches started or got worse while you were taking these for 3 months or more: [\[23\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-23)

-   Paracetamol (acetaminophen), aspirin or an anti-inflammatory such as ibuprofen, on 15 or more days a month
-   Triptans, opioids such as codeine, or combination painkillers, on 10 or more days a month

Most people improve after they stop the overused medicine. [\[22\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-22) Talk to a doctor before you stop. Headaches can get worse for a while first, and some medicines need to be cut down slowly. [\[27\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-27)

If you are pregnant or breastfeeding, ask a doctor or pharmacist before taking any painkiller. Avoid NSAIDs such as ibuprofen from about 20 weeks of pregnancy unless a health care professional advises it. [\[24\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-24)

## What should you write down for your doctor?

A GP may ask you to keep a headache diary. [\[2\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-2) Doctors are advised to ask for at least 8 weeks of notes. [\[23\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-23) Notes made at the time are easier to trust than a story told from memory.

### What to note about your headaches

Tick what you have. Print it and take it with you.

#### Each headache

-   The date, when it started and how long it lasted
-   Where it hurt: back of the head, one side, both sides or all over
-   What it felt like: pressing, throbbing, or sharp and shooting
-   How bad it was, and what it stopped you doing

#### Clues

-   Whether it changed when you lay down, sat up or stood
-   Whether coughing, exercise, sex or moving your neck set it off
-   Neck pain, nausea, light sensitivity or ringing in your ears
-   Sleep, screen time and caffeine that day

#### Medicines

-   Every painkiller you took, and on how many days a month
-   Blood pressure readings, if you check at home

This list cannot tell you what is causing your headache. It helps you give your doctor a clear picture.

The [appointment one-pager](https://junocompanion.com/free-resources-and-worksheets/appointment-one-pager) helps you fit it all on one sheet. Juno can help too. Tell Juno about each headache by text or voice, and it keeps a dated log you can share with your doctor. Juno does not diagnose the cause of a headache.

## When is a headache in the back of the head an emergency?

Most headaches are not serious. [\[1\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-1) But some signs need help straight away, wherever the pain is.

### Call 911 (US), 999 (UK) or your local emergency number, or go to the ER or A&E, if you or a child has a headache and:

-   it came on suddenly and is extremely painful, like a thunderclap or the worst headache of your life [\[1\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-1) [\[3\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-3)
-   a very high temperature, a stiff neck, or bright light bothering you. You do not need all three [\[1\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-1)
-   a rash that does not fade when you roll a glass over it [\[1\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-1)
-   new weakness or numbness in the face or body [\[1\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-1)
-   trouble speaking, balancing, walking or remembering things, or drowsiness or confusion [\[1\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-1)
-   loss of vision [\[1\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-1)
-   a painful red eye with blurred vision or rainbow-coloured circles around lights [\[29\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-29)
-   a seizure [\[1\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-1)
-   a head injury in the last 3 months, for example from a fall or accident [\[1\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-1)

Do not drive yourself. Ask someone to drive you, or call for an ambulance. [\[1\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-1)

Other emergency numbers: 911 in Canada, 000 in Australia, 111 in New Zealand, 112 in the EU and India.

If none of those apply, ask for an urgent appointment the same day, or call NHS 111 in the UK, if you have a headache and:

-   it is set off or made worse by coughing, sneezing, bending down or exercise [\[1\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-1)
-   it wakes you up at night or is worse in the morning [\[25\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-25)
-   it changes when you lie down, sit up or stand [\[4\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-4) [\[23\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-23)
-   it comes with vision or eye problems, or vomiting [\[1\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-1)
-   it comes with jaw pain when eating, or a sore or tender scalp [\[1\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-1)
-   you are over 50 and it is a new, constant headache [\[3\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-3)
-   you have just given birth [\[4\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-4)
-   you have a weakened immune system or take blood thinners [\[4\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-4) [\[23\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-23)
-   you have had cancer and this is a new headache [\[4\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-4) [\[23\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-23)

If you are pregnant, call your maternity unit, GP or NHS 111 straight away for a severe headache, blurred vision or flashing lights, pain just below your ribs, vomiting, or sudden swelling of your face, hands or feet. These can be signs of pre-eclampsia, which needs checking immediately. [\[28\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-28) Outside the UK, contact your maternity care team or doctor straight away.

Any child under 4 with a headache should be checked by a doctor urgently. [\[30\]](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head#source-30)

## Frequently asked questions

### Is a headache in the back of the head serious?

Usually not. Most headaches go away on their own, and pain at the back of the head is often a tension headache. Call 911, 999 or your local emergency number if it came on suddenly and is extremely painful, or comes with a high temperature, a stiff neck, weakness, numbness, confusion, trouble speaking or vision loss.

### Why does my headache change when I lie down?

A headache that is worse when you sit or stand and better when you lie flat can be a sign of a spinal fluid leak. POTS can cause a similar pattern. A headache that wakes you at night or is worse in the morning also needs checking. Ask for an urgent appointment with a GP or primary care doctor.

### How do I know if my headache is coming from my neck?

A headache from the neck is usually on one side. It gets worse when you move your neck or press on certain spots, and your neck may not turn as far as usual. Neck pain alone is not proof, because tension headaches and migraine often come with neck pain. A doctor needs to examine you.

### What does occipital neuralgia feel like?

It feels like short attacks of sharp, shooting or stabbing pain in the back of the scalp, lasting seconds to minutes. Brushing your hair or touching your scalp may hurt, and turning your head can set it off. It often overlaps with migraine, so see a doctor to find out which you have.

### Can stress cause pain in the back of the head?

Yes. Stress is one of the most common triggers of tension headaches, which cause pressure or tightness on both sides of the head and can spread to the neck. Poor sleep, caffeine and postures that strain your neck, such as looking down at a phone, can also set them off.

### What helps a headache in the back of the head?

For a tension headache, painkillers, relaxing activities such as yoga or massage, better sleep, less caffeine, a low firm pillow and heat or cold packs can help. If you are pregnant, ask a pharmacist first. Taking simple painkillers on 15 or more days a month, or triptans or combination painkillers on 10 or more, can cause more headaches.

## Tools that go with this article

-   [Free trigger tracker](https://junocompanion.com/free-resources-and-worksheets/trigger-tracker)
-   [Free appointment one-pager](https://junocompanion.com/free-resources-and-worksheets/appointment-one-pager)
-   [Migraine tracker](https://junocompanion.com/chronic-illness-support/migraines)

## Sources

1.  [NHS: Headaches](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/headaches/)
2.  [NHS: Tension headaches](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/tension-headaches/)
3.  [National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke: Headache](https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/headache)
4.  [NHS inform (NHS Scotland): Headaches](https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/brain-nerves-and-spinal-cord/headaches/)
5.  [American Migraine Foundation: Occipital neuralgia](https://americanmigrainefoundation.org/resource-library/occipital-neuralgia/)
6.  [International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-3): 13.4 Occipital neuralgia](https://ichd-3.org/13-painful-lesions-of-the-cranial-nerves-and-other-facial-pain/13-4-occipital-neuralgia/)
7.  [American Migraine Foundation: Cervicogenic headache](https://americanmigrainefoundation.org/resource-library/cervicogenic-headache/)
8.  [ICHD-3: 11.2.1 Cervicogenic headache](https://ichd-3.org/11-headache-or-facial-pain-attributed-to-disorder-of-the-cranium-neck-eyes-ears-nose-sinuses-teeth-mouth-or-other-facial-or-cervical-structure/11-2-headache-attributed-to-disorder-of-the-neck/11-2-1-cervicogenic-headache/)
9.  [Robinson et al., Cephalalgia, 2025: Prevalence and relative frequency of cervicogenic headache](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40094720/)
10.  [NHS: Neck pain](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/neck-pain/)
11.  [ICHD-3: 4.2 Primary exercise headache](https://ichd-3.org/4-other-primary-headache-disorders/4-2-primary-exercise-headache/)
12.  [ICHD-3: 4.3 Primary headache associated with sexual activity](https://ichd-3.org/4-other-primary-headache-disorders/4-3-primary-headache-associated-with-sexual-activity/)
13.  [ICHD-3: 7.2.3 Headache attributed to spontaneous intracranial hypotension](https://ichd-3.org/7-headache-attributed-to-non-vascular-intracranial-disorder/7-2-headache-attributed-to-low-cerebrospinal-fluid-pressure/7-2-3-headache-attributed-to-spontaneous-intracranial-hypotension/)
14.  [Cheema et al., Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 2023: Multidisciplinary consensus guideline for spontaneous intracranial hypotension](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10511987/)
15.  [D’Antona et al., JAMA Neurology, 2021: Spontaneous intracranial hypotension, a systematic review and meta-analysis](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7783594/)
16.  [Schievink et al., Neurosurgery, 2004: Connective tissue disorders with spontaneous spinal CSF leaks](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14683542/)
17.  [Liu et al., Cephalalgia, 2011: Connective tissue disorders in patients with spontaneous intracranial hypotension](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21220378/)
18.  [ICHD-3: 10.3 Headache attributed to arterial hypertension](https://ichd-3.org/10-headache-attributed-to-disorder-of-homoeostasis/10-3-headache-attributed-to-arterial-hypertension/)
19.  [NHS: High blood pressure](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/high-blood-pressure-hypertension/)
20.  [NHS: Chiari malformation](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/chiari-malformation/)
21.  [ICHD-3: 7.7 Headache attributed to Chiari malformation type I](https://ichd-3.org/7-headache-attributed-to-non-vascular-intracranial-disorder/7-7-headache-attributed-to-chiari-malformation-type-i-cm1/)
22.  [ICHD-3: 8.2 Medication-overuse headache](https://ichd-3.org/8-headache-attributed-to-a-substance-or-its-withdrawal/8-2-medication-overuse-headache-moh/)
23.  [NICE CG150: Headaches in over 12s, diagnosis and management](https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg150/chapter/Recommendations)
24.  [US Food and Drug Administration: Avoid NSAIDs in pregnancy at 20 weeks or later](https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-safety-and-availability/fda-recommends-avoiding-use-nsaids-pregnancy-20-weeks-or-later-because-they-can-result-low-amniotic)
25.  [NHS: Benign brain tumour, symptoms](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/benign-brain-tumour/symptoms/)
26.  [ICHD-3: 7.2 Headache attributed to low cerebrospinal fluid pressure](https://ichd-3.org/7-headache-attributed-to-non-vascular-intracranial-disorder/7-2-headache-attributed-to-low-cerebrospinal-fluid-pressure/)
27.  [American Migraine Foundation: Medication overuse headache](https://americanmigrainefoundation.org/resource-library/medication-overuse-headache/)
28.  [NHS: Headaches in pregnancy](https://www.nhs.uk/pregnancy/related-conditions/common-symptoms/headaches/)
29.  [NHS: Glaucoma](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/glaucoma/)
30.  [NICE NG127: Suspected neurological conditions, recommendations for children under 16](https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng127/chapter/Recommendations-for-children-aged-under-16)
31.  [US National Library of Medicine, DailyMed: Aspirin tablet label (Reye’s syndrome warning)](https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=14cb1d2d-95b8-447e-8d79-e6ec82c0e431)

## Turn day-to-day notes into a clearer health story

Juno helps you track symptoms through conversation, notice patterns, and prepare a structured summary for appointments. [Explore Juno’s migraine tracker.](https://junocompanion.com/chronic-illness-support/migraines) [Download Juno on the App Store.](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/juno-chronic-illness-support/id6749455368)

[Back to Symptom tracking](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking)

This article is for general information only and does not replace advice from your own clinician. Juno is a health assistant, not a medical provider.

Last updated 9 November 2026

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Source: [Headache in the Back of the Head: Causes and When to Worry](https://junocompanion.com/blog/symptom-tracking/headache-in-back-of-head)